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KINETIC STUDY OF Zn(II), Cd(II) AND Pb(II) IONS SORPTION ON Na-MONTMORILLONITE
Abstract
The presence of metals in aquatic environment is known to cause several health problems to animals and human beings. The levels of heavy metals in wastewater and drinking water must be reduced to the maximum permissible concentration. Clays are abundant and inexpensive layered alumino-silicate minerals that have adsorbent properties. In general, chemical species can interact with clays either by ion exchange or physisorption, both being reversible processes. Among the mineral clays, smectites, especially montmorillonite, deserve special attention. In order to characterize the sorption kinetics of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) on Na-montmorillonite, the influence of the following set of operational variables was investigated: initial heavy metal concentration, clay particles size and solution ionic strength. In low ionic strength (0.01 M NaNO3) solutions, the fixation of Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ appears to be controlled by a mechanism of ionic exchange. Important heavy metal uptake occurred within the first 10 min of reaction. In contrast, at high ionic strength (0.1 M NaNO3), metal cation uptake rate was much slower.
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