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THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF SOIL POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH

Лидия Павловна Степанова

Abstract

Our field of scientific research is part of the Central Federal District of Russia. The population is 754,816 people; the share of urban population is 66.72%. On the territory of the Oryol region, there is 24,652 km2. Oryol is the administrative center, the whole region is divided into 24 districts, the region is located in the central part of the Central Russian Upland in the forest-steppe zone in the south-west of the European part of Russia. The climate of the Oryol region is moderately continental. In the area of the Oka River and its tributaries. In the eastern part of the region flows the river Sosna with tributaries. To the west of the city of Orel flows the river Nerussa and Navlya. The region is located in the zone of soil movement from sod-podzolic to predominantly leached and podzolized chernozemic soil [9]. In addition, there are various soil types from light gray forestic in the West and in the East and southeast to leached and typical black soil [12]. The industrial sectors of the region: mechanical engineering and this part of the industry branch makes up 30% of the total production, the food industry in the Oryol region is more than 25%, and the share of the construction industry is only 13% [1]. In addition to the city of Orel, where most of the enterprises are concentrated, there are separate factories that are located in the city of Livny and the city of Mtsensk, as well as in other small cities of the Oryol region [3]. The region?s ferrous metallurgy is only 7%, which began to develop in the region in the second half of the 20th century. The city is the Open Joint-Stock Company "Oryol Steel Rolling Plant", and in the city of Mtsensk there is an aluminum plant and a factory for the production of fasteners "Parallel". Experimental sites that were subjected to prolonged exposure to the slagheap of the Mtsensk Aluminum Casting Plant (MZAL) were selected as the object of study. The Zone of Continuous Observation (PPN) was published in the village of Bolshoye Dumchino at different distances from the object of land pollution, which is within a radius of 50 meters, 150 meters, 300 meters and 450 meters from the mountain with slag waste [6], [8], [11]. Landfills, samples of soil genetic horizons and mixed samples of humus horizons of experimental plots were laid on the studied sites. Soil: light gray forest, medium-loamy soil on loess-like loams [4]. To determine the level of influence and the nature of changes in the nature of the processes on the morbidity of the population of the Oryol region, statistical materials were used on the administrative districts of the Oryol region for a fifteen-year period. The incidence of respiratory diseases in general, diseases of the digestive system, diseases of the endocrine system, disorders of the musculoskeletal system and diseases of the circulatory system has been analyzed. It has to be establishing the relationship of morbidity and environmental stress, as well as to prepare a comprehensive map of territories, identified territories taken together of anthropogenic and man-made factors: 1) the intensity of the chemical load on the environment, which is determined by industrial enterprises and agricultural production [5]; 2) the level of soil radioactive contamination [10], [11]; 3) adverse changes in the hydrological regime of rivers [7], 4) the level of development of erosion processes by the method of M. Ya. Belotserkovsky, T. M. Belyakova, K. M. Berkovich [5]. For mapping of population, it is required to use official statistics and methods. This made it possible to compare the dynamics of morbidity in individual administrative regions of the region as a whole and in Russia, as well as to identify the periods when relative stabilization, decrease or increase in the morbidity of the population was observed [14]. Also managed to differentiate areas of the Oryol region on the incidence.

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