Scholarly record

REDUCING THE IMPACT OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT ON THE ATMOSPHERE DUE TO FUEL EFFICIENCY IMPROVING

Olga S. Korobova

Abstract

The impact of civil aviation objects on the environment is characterized by a number of features related to the fact that this kind of anthropogenic activity is rapidly developing, taking on increasing importance in humanity`s life. Also, civil aviation is one of the most important connecting elements of international relations. Improving the efficiency of fuel resources applying, which is one of the priority directions for the country's economy development, increases the environmental safety of the investigated objects, including civil aviation facilities. Moreover, this improving leads to positive economic effect. To analyze the impact of civil aviation facilities on the atmosphere were used methods of scientific generalization, modeling, comparative analysis and the statistical method. As a result of the research, the main fuel consumption objects and air pollutants were identified on the airport area. These objects include aircraft engines; special vehicles; motor transport; boiler rooms, etc. The average amount of main pollutants, which entering the airport's monitored area per day, has been established. It is noted that this amount of harmful substances under unfavorable meteorological conditions can lead to a significant excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of the pollutants in the airport`s work zone. The main characteristic feature of the aircraft operation is an altitude of the flights, which is 8-13 km and causes the possible impact of emissions from the aviation fuel combustion on the climate system of the Earth. It was calculated the emission of the main greenhouse gas - carbon dioxide, which is released during the aircraft operations. The calculation was carried out using standard methods, which are approved in Russia. The processing of these data was the basis for modeling the dependencies of carbon dioxide emissions on fuel consumption by the aircraft engine for various phases of the takeoff and landing cycle. It was found that the greatest amount of emissions is released on the climb phase. The factors that contribute to reducing emissions of pollutants and the fuel efficiency improving of civil aviation were analyzed. Compliance with these factors will save a significant amount of fuel.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/5.2/s20.100

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