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SAFE EVACUATION OF PEOPLE FROM OBJECTS AFFECTED BY DISASTER WITH SUBSEQUENT FIRE
Abstract
People hear about disasters that affect the whole world daily from various media sources. These disasters include natural disasters, disasters caused by mankind or a combination of the two. This includes the war that is happening in Ukraine. Many disasters can cause a fire to occur in buildings. With any fire in a building, a safe evacuation of people must be ensured. Thus, it is important to design buildings so that when people are evacuating, they are safe. Escape routes must ensure that all people can get to a safe place in a short amount of time. The article describes the options of creating protected escape routes (further PER), efficacy of ventilation systems of PER with regard to ensuring a quick and safe evacuation of people. The article also evaluates methods of natural ventilation on PER. To evaluate the efficacy of the ventilation of PER a mathematical model Fire Dynamic Simulator with an extension Pyrosim is used. Parameters important for the safety of people in PER are temperature, visibility and the volume of air flowing from the vents measured per a unit of time. The article also suggests a change to the established methods of ventilating the PER with regard to partial results obtained and proposes a new method of research that is focused on the safety of people when evacuating from buildings in danger of a fire.
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