Scholarly record
CONSERVATION POTENTIAL OF CRITICALLY ENDANGERED SPECIES DIANTHUS SUPERBUS L. IN LATVIA
Abstract
Dianthus superbus L. is mentioned as seriously threatened species in several European countries. In Latvia, D. superbus is endangered species on the edge of extinction and is included in the 1th category of threat in Red Data Book of Latvia. As the population has declined to critical levels, special studies and related protection measures are necessary. Therefore, investigation was done to reveal the current state and surviving potential of D. superbus in Latvia. Numerous expeditions were conducted to check 18 previously dated deposits. Expeditions in 2017 showed that D. superbus has survived in only four locations: one in Kurzeme region ? only one flowering shoot was found in Dzirnieki micro-reserve near Lake Vilgale and three in Latgale region near the Lake Lubans: in Silenieki cemetery, on the gravel road edge near Silenieki village and on the sand road and on the edge of the road in a pine forest near the village Silenieki. In these deposits, seeds were sampled for germination and viability tests. In addition, habitat characteristics as soil chemical content and accompanying species composition were determined. Since it is not possible to set up micro-reserves for in situ conservation of endangered species in cemeteries and at the roadsides, in vitro conservation measures were initiated: vegetative shoots were sterilized and maintained in in vitro collection. In 2018, the in vitro multiplied plantlets were planted ex situ in National Botanic Garden (NBG). The results of 2019 showed high adaptation possibilities of D. superbus to heterogeneous conditions of mineral nutrition as well as to accompanying vegetation, not repressing the growth. The viability of seeds (79-95 % in situ, 86 % ex situ), rate and success of germination were equal ex and in situ. First experiments in NBG showed that D. superbus could be successfully used as excellent ornamental plants, especially in dense plantings. The study suggested that D. superbus introduced and maintained in vitro could be multiplied for growing in botanical collections and for reintroduction into the wild nature.
Publication Impact Profile
- Citations
- Scopus - Citation Indexes: 1
- Captures
- Mendeley - Readers: 2
Publication details
References14
Hardion L., Pouvreau M., Schwoertzig E., Ho? M., Nguefack J., Combroux I., Performance, genetic and ecological insights for the conservation of the endangered large pink, Dianthus superbus L. (Caryophyllaceae) in semi-natural grassland. Botany Letters, vol. 166, pp. 104?112, 2018.
Yun B.R., Yang H.J., Weon J.B., Lee J., Eom M.R., Ma C.J., Neuroprotective properties of compounds extracted from Dianthus superbus L. against glutamate-induced cell death in HT22 cells. Pharmacognosy Magazine. Vol. 12, pp. 109?113, 2016.
Mikul?k J., Vinter V., Evolution of factors affecting germination of Dianthus superbus L. subsp. superbus. Acta Univ. Palacki. Olomuc.Fac. rer. nat.. Biol. Vol. 39?40, pp. 13?18, 2001?2002.
Kostrakiewicz-Gieralt K., The size structure of ramets in Dianthus superbus L. in mosaic meadow vegetation. Acta Agrobotanica, vol. 66 (3), pp. 23?30, 2013.
Andrushaitis G. (ed.), Red Data Book of Latvia. Vol. 3 Vascular Plants. Institute of Biology, project “LIFE” EC: Riga, 691 pp, 2003. (in Latvian).
Miranto M., Hyv?rinen M., Hiltunen R., Schulman L., Ex situ conservation of threatened native plants in Finland: analysis of the current status, Endangered Species Research, vol. 17, pp. 227–236, 2012.
Arda H., Dayan S, Kartal ?, Guler N., In vitro conservationof critically endangered Dianthus ingoldbyi Turrill under slow growth condition, Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, vol. 17, pp. 47?54, 2016.
I. Dubova I., ?mite D., K?avi?a D., Rila R., First results of ex situ conservation of endangered wild plants of Latvia in the National Botanic Garden, Environmental and Experimental Biology, vol. 8, pp 75–80, 2010.
Gavrilova ?., Flora of vascular plants in Latvia: The family of carnations (Caryophyllaceae), LU, Riga, 104 pp., 1999 (in Latvian).
J?rgens A., Witt T., Gottsberger G., Flower scent composition in Dianthus and Saponaria species (Caryophyllaceae) and its relevance for pollination biology and taxonomy. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, vol. 31, pp. 345–357, 2003.
Ramsey M., Dixon K.W., Propagation science, recovery and translocation of terrestrial orchids. In: Dixon K.W., Kell S.P., Barrett R.L., Cribb P.J. (eds.), Orchid conservation, Kota Kinabalu: Natural History Publications (Borneo), pp. 259–288, 2003.
Rinkis G. J, Ramane H. K, Kunickaya T. A., Methods of Soil and Plant Analysis, Zinatne, Riga, 1987, (in Russian)
Murashige T., Skoog F., A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures, Physiol. Plant., vol. 15, pp. 473?497, 1962.
http://www.luontoportti.com/suomi/en/kukkakasvit/large-pink.
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.