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QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PLANKTON OF THE GORKY RESERVOIR ON THE VOLGA RIVER
Abstract
The development of a model for estimating and predicting the dynamics of plankton in a lake-type reservoir, depending on the meteorological and hydrophysical parameters, is carried out in the Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering in 2014-2018. Model for quantitative description of biomass production depending on solar radiation and temperature was developed. The influence of water stratification on algae blooming was investigated on the basis of systematic procedures for the quantitative analysis of phytoplankton. Water samples were fixed with formalin and examined using a Levenhuk microscope equipped with a digital camera to display images and video on computer. Subsequently, the samples were concentrated to count the algae cells with the help of Goryaev's chamber, determine their volume and determine the concentration of biomass. This paper includes a systematic study of plankton dependence on changing hydrometeorological conditions during the vegetative period of 2017. The water samples of the Gorky reservoir on the Volga were analyzed from the horizons of 0.5 ... 8 m in the period from May to October 2017. The biggest concentration of biomass of plankton in 2017 was observed on July 3 at a depth of 2 m. The smallest biomass of plankton in 2017 was observed on June 21 at a depth of 2 m. In general, the biggest concentration of biomass of plankton in months is observed in July in the upper water layer, the smallest - in October. There was a significant variation in the average size of cells and their number per unit volume, which is associated with a change in species diversity during the season. As a result, the maximum concentration of biomass was observed with a relatively small number of cells per unit volume. Conversely, in samples with a high number of cells, a relatively small biomass of phytoplankton was observed. The majority of the algae species were represented by diatoms while in the previous three years cyanobacteria dominated. The variation was explained by the fact that in 2017 water stratification was weak in summer and autumn due to climate changes. Insufficient heating of the water column is a limiting factor for the representatives of cyanobacteria, which cause the algae blooming. The studies established a significant difference between the observed plankton concentration in the upper layer and the modified Bradford-Maiero model. The number of parameters considered in Bradford-Maiero model was insufficient. This paper stimulates the development of sophisticated model of plankton dynamics in the upper layer, depending on temperature, stratification and solar radiation.
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