Scholarly record
FORMING CIRCULAR ECONOMY LINKS IN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY: LIME, CAUSTIC ASH, SALT AND GYPSUM PRODUCTION IN THE URALS
Abstract
Chemical and construction materials industries are the resource intensive sectors regulated by both the legislation based on Best Available Techniques (BAT) and carbon-related legislation. In Russia, BAT concept regarded as an instrument for the industrial resource efficiency enhancement. Environmental Performance Indicators are included in BAT Reference Documents (BREFs) forming a basis for the assessment of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. To optimise two interrelated regulatory systems (BAT and GHG), BATs providing for the high resource efficiency are seen as the top priority for reducing emissions of ordinary pollutants and GHGs as well as and for forming inter-sector links typical for the circular economy. The article describes the approaches to circular economy using as a reference an existing Russian industrial hub. Authors analyse industrial symbiosis of chemical installations (producing construction materials and chemical substances) and interconnecting material flows from various technological processes (soda ash, lime and gypsum production) and assess pollutant emissions generated in the new technological processes and use of chromium production waste as a secondary resource. The article shows the possibility of complete absorption of carbon dioxide formed during the production of lime and decomposition (calcination) of sodium bicarbonate during soda ash production process. It is recommended to take into account the aspects of the secondary resource use while determining the sectoral (vertical) and inter-sectoral (horizontal) Best Available Techniques. Authors consider the possibilities for optimisation of technological regulation and application of General Binding Rules for the management of insignificant environmental industrial aspects.
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References3
Resource Efficiency and Climate Change: Material Efficiency Strategies for a Low-Carbon Future. Hertwich, E., Lifset, R., Pauliuk, S., Heeren, N. A report of the International Resource Panel. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. IRP, 2020. URL: https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/resource-efficiency-and-climate-change
Hong, J., Chen, W., Wang, Yu., Xu, Ch., Xu, Xu. Life cycle assessment of caustic soda production: A case study in China. In: Journal of Cleaner Production. 2014 No 66. Pp. 113–120. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.10.009.
Environmental Life Cycle Assessment from a LIME Perspective. In: Global Life Cycle Impact Assessments of Material Shifts: The Example of a Lead-free Electronics Industry. 2010. Springer London, London. Pp. 23-58. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-84882-661-8_3.
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