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GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF URBAN AREAS WITH INTENSIVE TRAFFIC LOAD AS AN INFORMATION BASIS FOR MEASURES TO MINIMIZE HEALTH RISK
Abstract
The article considers the automobilization of the population as one of the urbanization consequences. The dynamics of changes in the number of motor vehicles at the territory under consideration is shown. Estimated increase in vehicles emissions. The structure of motor vehicles emissions is considered, priority pollutants are identified, the contribution of motor vehicles emissions to total emissions in the urban territory are assessed. The features of motor vehicles emissions (height, distribution over the territory) are described. Vehicle emissions are considered as factors of transformation of the natural composition of the city?s air (causes: fuel, engines, amount of motor vehicles, culture of transport behavior, dissonance between the historical development of cities and the needs of current transport systems, etc.). An assessment of air pollution by motor vehicle emissions was carried out; maximum one-time and average concentrations were determined. Based on the calculated concentrations of pollutants, an inhalation risk assessment was performed for the population of the territory. Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard indices (HI) were calculated, carcinogenic risk was assessed. The decomposition of risk factors was carried out, priority pollutants were identified according to the criterion of the health risk. Analyzed the causes and risk factors.
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