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LIGHTWEIGHT PLASTERS FOR CONTROL OF INDOOR CLIMATE - COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS
Abstract
In the presented study, new types of lightweight plasters for passive moderation of interior climate were designed and tested. The examined plasters were composed of blended mineral binder (cement-lime or gypsum-lime), silica sand, perlite, chemical additives, and batch water. For the basic characterization of studied materials, bulk density, specific density, and total open porosity were measured. The mechanical resistance of the developed plasters was assessed in flexural and compressive strength tests. The thermal performance of plasters was described by thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity measurement. For the passive control of interior climate, water vapour transport and storage properties of inbuilt materials are of the particular importance. Therefore, the water vapour transmission properties of researched plasters, such as water vapour permeability and water vapour resistance factor were determined by the wet-cup test. To get information on the ability of plasters accumulate and then reversely release water vapour, sorption and desorption hygroscopic moisture content was measured using a dynamic vapour sorption apparatus. As the both tested lightweight plasters exhibited sufficient mechanical resistance, high porosity, good thermal insulation performance, high water vapour transmission rate, and high hygroscopicity, they can be recommended for effective control of indoor climate. In spite of the passive methods for controlling the indoor climate provides benefits in all climates, one must take into account, they are naturally more successful in moderate climates than in hot and humid weather.
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