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CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECTIONS REGARDING APPLE ORCHARDS IN THE NORTH-EASTERN REGION OF ROMANIA
Abstract
In the current landscape of climate change, characterized by a positive trend in temperature, there is a growing problem of adapting crops to the conditions that may arise. Through this study we try to aim for apple orchards, based on a series of climatic data (1961-2013), to make a set of predictions regarding phenophases periods or even the fact that some of these changes may expose the apple trees to a spring frost risk. Preliminary results show that increased temperatures occurs during the spring season which could lead to earlier flowering or to an earlier fruits binding. This aspect highlights the vulnerability of crops to a late spring frost because the limit of frost resistance for apple blossom is -2.2 ?, and -1.1. ? for young fruit. A similar case occurred in the spring of 2017, when the third decade of April began with a typical winter episode with an impressive snow layer, and after this event, 20 days later, on 10th and 11th of may, temperatures around -2? were registred. This phenomenon affected not only Romania, but also Italy, Germany or Poland, which are known to be the main apple producers, giving rise to an apple crisis at European level.
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