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COLD SPRING WATER CHEMICAL IMPRINT IN VRANCEA REGION (SUBCARPATHIAN NAPPE, ROMANIA) FOR ASSESSING THE FLUIDS ORIGIN
Abstract
The investigated cold spring (10.4-10.9 ?C) is located onto a reverse fault zone within the Subcarpathian nappe (Vrancea region). A small travertine deposit has precipitated along the stream. The spring-water samples display an essentially calcium-bicarbonate chemical facies, indicative of a prevalently meteoric water contribution. Still significant Na and Cl concentrations - each of them amounting, when expressed as miliequivalents, to about one third of the HCO3 concentration - also suggest mixing with a significant fraction of NaCl groundwater. Moreover, when considering the abundance of sulfate - whose concentrations, expressed as miliequivalents, amount to one quarter of the Ca concentrations - gypsum appears to be leached as well. Gypsum leaching is also substantiated by the fact that for the majority of the trace and major elements analyzed in the travertine, the relative contents are roughly proportional to the corresponding relative contents identified in the underlying, so-called the Perchiu gypsum formation. Overall, such inferences are in agreement with the evaporite rocks occurrences existing in the Subcarpathian nappe sedimentary sequence situated below the deposits from which the spring actually discharges. All those lines of evidence consistently suggest that the spring-water saline component originates in formations occurring at deeper levels of the Subcarpathian nappe stratigraphic sequence.
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