Scholarly record
EFFECTIVE ACCOUNTING FOR VERTICAL REFRACTION IN EDM LEVELING
Abstract
The instrumental accuracy of modern electronic tacheometers allows to measure the elevation difference with the accuracy of geometric leveling. Meanwhile EDM leveling is less time-consuming. The measurement accuracy comparable to the instrumental one is unattainable in real atmosphere due to the vertical refraction. At a distance of 1 km, the vertical refraction effect can reach several tens of centimeters. The decrease in the accuracy of trigonometric leveling due to the influence of vertical refraction limits the fields of its application. To account for vertical refraction a standard refraction coefficient of 0.13 is used in the software of total stations. The real range of values of the refraction coefficient is from -6 to +6. We have developed a technology to take into account the effect of vertical refraction. This technology allows to determine the refraction angle with an accuracy close to the angular accuracy of the used total station. We use the results of complex gradient meteorological and geodetic measurements to model the vertical refraction. At present time we work on creating of software-hardware complex for precise EDM leveling based on our technology. This complex includes equipment for rational organization of meteorological measurements and software. The software implements the original approach for the refraction correction calculating. The experiments have showed that corrected elevation differences accuracy is two orders of magnitude better than the measured ones. The being developed complex is intended to perform precise EDM leveling wherever it is necessary to quickly and exactly determine the elevation differences.
Publication Impact Profile
Publication details
References10
Tengström E., Elimination of refraction at vertical angle measurements using lasers on different wavelengths, Österr. Z. Vermessungsw, vol. 55, Sonderh. 25, pp. 292–303, 1967.
Prilepin M.T., Evaluation of formulas for refraction determined by the method of spectral differences, Geod. and Aerophotogr, vol. 1, pp. 8-11, 1970.
Mikhailov V.S., Lazanov P.E., On instrumental determination of the effect of atmospheric refraction on the results of geodetic measurements, Geod. and Kartogr., vol. 11, pp.17–19, 1975.
Vshivkov V.F., Compensating for refraction in geodetic measurements, Geod, Mapp and Photogramm, vol. 16, pp. 227–230, 1974.
Brein R., Dispersion methods for the measurement of atmospheric refraction in terrestrial angle and electrooptic distance measurement (in German), Messtech, vol.78, pp. 93–96, 1970.
Angus-Leppan P. V., Diurnal and Seasonal Variations in the Coefficient of Refraction, The Canadian Surveyor, vol. 21(2), pp. 142-151, 1967.
Rueger J.M., Brunner F.K., Practical results of EDM-Height traversing, The Australian Surveyor, vol. 30 (6), pp. 363-373, 1981.
Ostrovskij A.L., Methods of accounting for atmospheric influences on geodetic measurements based on solving inverse refraction problems (in Russian), Geodeziya, kartografiya i aerofotosyemka, L'vov, vol. 37, pp. 76-82, 1983.
Gaifillia D., Pagounis V., Tsakiri M. and Zacharis V., Empirical Modelling of Refraction Error in Trigonometric Heighting Using Meteorological Parameters, Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics, vol. 4 (1), pp. 8-14, 2016.
Vshivkova O.V., Kalugin I.V., Refraction corrections from complex measurements of atmospheric parameters for electronic tacheometry, Survey review, vol. 45 (328), pp. 68-75, 2013.
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.
