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STUDY ON THE BREEDING OF A HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN LINE OF COWS TO IMPROVE THE REPRODUCTION INDICES
Abstract
The analysis of reproductive performance in selected cows within SCDA Simnic Craiova, the obtention of the first generation and the exploration of the biological characteristics of the obtained youth, took into account the following breeding indices: calving interval (CI), determined as days between two consecutive parturitions; (SP) service period, determined as days from parturition to conception; number of inseminations per conception (NIC); Conception rate (RCv) determined as a percentage of fertilized insemination 1/NIC x 100 in cows; Intermediate interval parturition - first insemination (1F first iv); rate of conception at first IA as heifer (RC first ij); age at first parturition (VPF) determined as number of days from birth to first parturition. The average value of the interval between the parturitions was 410 ± 77.9 days and corresponds to the value in the last report of the period 1/10/2014-30/09/2015 prepared by the General Association of Cattle Breeders in Romania for 109 lactations at SCDA Simnic. Sun and collaborators reported a value of 413.1 days in 2010 for the C.I. at the Danish Holstein. The coefficient of variation was 19%. [13]. Service period is the index for the cows who have calved, the interval (days) from parturition to the installation of gestation. It is the most studied and easy to register index in farms. In this study the service period was 124.7 ± 70 days. The interval between the parturitions is composed of the ?service period? duration and the duration of gestation. Usually, the average duration of gestation is of 280 days. If we add to it 124.7, it results on average 13.3 months. The variability ratio for the service period was 56.1%, high enough to be exploited to improve this character. In 2013, for the BNR breed in the North-East of Romania were registered values from 400.8 days to 437.4 days for CI and for SP from 120.8 to 148.6 days [11]. Conception rate is the percentage of gestation after the first insemination. Postpartum negative energy balance is the most inhibitory factor in normal ovarian activity, especially when the body condition score is low. The rate of conception improves as the postpartum period expands, and the cows regain their energy balance, allowing the normal follicular growth and maturation [2]. In this study, the parturition interval at the first insemination was 21.6 ± 24.0 days and the rate of conception at the first insemination was of 67.6 ± 19.8%. The same cows as heifers had the rate of conception at the first insemination of 69.5 ± 19.8 days, and the age at the first parturition of 835 ± 119 days.
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