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INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SURFACE WATERS POLLUTION: REGIONAL ASPECT
Abstract
Environmental assessment is also the basis for the definition and management of ecological risk of anthropogenic load on the environment. The possible impact on the Bugsky estuary are presented and substantiated and solutions are proposed to reduce the anthropogenic impact on the waters of the estuary. The main element of risk analysis is to identify hazards that can lead to negative consequences. Purpose is a comparative analysis of the environmental status of surface waters on the basis of integrated indicators. Objects are surface waters of the Bug Estuary (Ukraine), river Bomersbach (Germany). It was used the methodology of environmental integrated assessment of surface waters by corresponding categories. The method of assessment was improvement according to weight coefficients. Environmental indices and categories of water quality are calculated by using the functions of the software package MS Excel. Determining of environmental status was conducted by using the formula of ecological indexes, tropho-saprobiological index and the index of environmental quality (EQI). The application of this method will allow defining environmental status of surface waters by hydrochemical indicators. In the assessment of the environmental status of the Bug Estuary it was found that the water quality on average is satisfactory, but it is often the situation. There is a trend to greater regression. The environmental status of the waters of the estuary exacerbated by substances in chemical, tropho-saprobiological criterion of pollution, namely: pH, suspended solids, phosphates, BOD5, stiffness; and also to the criteria of the salt composition: sulfates and chlorides. Water pollution components of toxic and radiation action (Copper and Zinc) are average moderate. Comparing the condition of the water in the Bug Estuary and the condition of the river Bomersbach (Germany) it was determined that the water in the Bug Estuary in the period 2010пїЅ2016 is in the worst environmental condition is moderately polluted. On the contrary the river Bomersbach is in good condition and reasonably clean. Integrated environmental quality assessment of surface water is the base for establishing environmental standards for individual water bodies and their parts. It is also the basis for the definition and management of ecological risk of anthropogenic load on the environment.
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References11
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