Scholarly record
LANDSCAPES OF SAMTSKHE-JAVAKHETI REGION, TRANSFORMATION DEGREE AND FORMS
Abstract
As a rule, landscape conditions are not static. It is constantly changing, and in some cases repeats the trend of global change. In some cases, it is caused by the local, region specificity. The current landscape change, which is going on for a long period, is often human induced. The scale of such impact determines the degree of landscape transformation. The work is about Samtskhe-Javakheti region, which is located in the southern part of Georgia. The region is distinguished by its diverse environment, alternating with mountain relief forms, volcanic valleys and ridges, floristic varieties and wetland areas. In the Samtskhe-Javakheti region, agriculture remains the leading land-use type. In some cases, ecosystems have to survive on the verge of climatic extremes, on the background of irrigation and rainfall deficit and sometimes even on the brink of cold winter and climatic minimum. These factors are often the cause of frequent fires and other catastrophic events in the region, which have been repeated over the past several years. The research was based on a survey conducted in 2008-2017, including the making of the landscape map and Geoinformation system of Georgia in 2012. The database includes information on the landscape units, their climatic, also soils and relief characteristics. We have studied and classified the degree and forms of landscape transformation. Also, identified current trends, traditional patterns and how much are increased impact forms, which gives us the basis to make conclusions about the current conditions in the region, in order to maintain landscape diversity and forms of land-use and the environment balance, which will be the basis of regional long-term sustainable development.
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