Scholarly record

DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE AREA FLOODED BY DEM FOR HYDROLOGICAL MODELING (FOR EXAMPLE, THE AKSAI RIVER BASIN).

Yerkin Kakimzhanov, Serik Altynbek, Saule Bektemirova, Alua Turginbaeva

Abstract

Mathematical modeling of river flow formation processes is the basic research and engineering tool for modern hydrology. Despite a number of undoubted successes in modeling and a fairly wide introduction of models into practice, a number of problems remain that point to the fundamental difficulties of traditional approaches to the problem. The most important among such tasks are: assessment of the regime of extreme hydrological events, primarily floods; Use of hydrological models on unexplored basins; Perspective forecast of the hydrological regime under expected climate and landscape changes. Modern hydrological studies of the Aksay basin are aimed at analyzing and developing methods for calculating the characteristics of maximum, minimum and annual runoff of rivers, development of hydrological forecasting methods. Occurring in the northern slopes of Iliy Alatau, floods account for about a third of all cases of natural emergencies observed here. They cause the greatest damage to the economy and the population: there is flooding or flooding of agricultural lands and complexes, industrial buildings and residential areas, roads are being eroded, hydrotechnical structures are being destroyed. Therefore, forecasting the occurrence of glacial, high snow and rain floods in order to minimize damage, improve the safety of the population and the sustainable use of flood-prone areas acquires an important character. To quantify the management parameters of the Aksai dams, reliable forecasts of water inflow are necessary. Only on the basis of reliable hydrological forecasts can the most advantageous regime of exploitation of the water resources of the Aksai River dam be set. These circumstances determine the relevance of the article devoted to the hydrological analysis and forecasting of the elements of summer and spring high water on the rivers of the northern slopes of Iliy Alatau. The mid-scale DEM for the whole study area is based on the SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) data. The methodological basis of structural-hydrographic and morphometric analysis are algorithms implemented on the basis of GIS technologies (Open sours: Waitbox, QGIS 2.16.2).

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