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FLOOD ASSESSMENT BASED ON MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS IN MOLDOVA REGION AND THE IMPACT ON TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
In the current social and economic context it is necessary to evaluate the directions of administrative-territorial development and socio-economic vulnerability in relation to natural hazards, as the frequency of catastrophic phenomena tends to grow. In order to minimize the loss of human lives and to reduce the economic impact, it is necessary to implement an adequate territorial planning in relation to the spatial distribution of natural disasters. Most settlements from the region of Moldova are located / developed in areas with a high degree of risk, and the events of the past two decades have highlighted the vulnerability of human communities by increasing the material damage and through the reduced absorption capacity of the phenomenon. In the present study, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) supported by a Geographical Information System (GIS) is used to produce assessment map on flood hazard. The factors integrated in the hazard analysis are: slope, elevation, profile curvature, lithological units, land use, distance from stream, soil texture. These factors are normalized and weighted by giving bonitation indices and included in the matrix of pair comparison, to determine the weights in the analysis and making the flood map for the Moldova Region. This map is used to analyse the directions of territorial development in the last 30 years and to identify the expansion trends in relation to the hazard to which the area is exposed.
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