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ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL- FRIENDLY SELF-HEATING COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Abstract
Cement-based composites belong to the most frequently used construction materials in the world which is mainly for their good mechanical properties and durability. However, production of cement exhibits significant impact on environment due to a high amount of consumed energy and CO2 emissions. Therefore, alternative environmental-friendly construction materials with comparable materials properties are currently intensively studied. Geopolymers based on alkali activation of waste precursors exhibit lower impact on environment than the cement-based materials. Present modern trend lies in design of multifunctional construction materials that can together with good mechanical properties and durability e.g. evolve heat, detect the current material condition or harvest energy from various ambient energy sources. Such desired capabilities can be ensured by geopolymers doped by electrically conductive admixtures in an appropriate amount. In this paper, self-heating geopolymers based on ground granulated blast furnace slag and carbon black were designed and characterized in terms of basic physical, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Electrical properties involved several important indicators, such as impedance, resistance, reactance, and phase angle. Finally, self-heating experiments were performed by acting of an external power source. Obtained results showed that self-heating ability of some of the designed geopolymers is promising and such materials can be classified as multifunctional. Based on observations and the fact that ground granulated blast furnace slag is a waste product, geopolymers based on alkali activation of such precursor can be considered as environmental-friendly alternative to the materials based on Portland cement.
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