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CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING RESIDUALS MANAGEMENT IN WATER TREATMENT
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants produce large quantities of sludge. Sludge originates from different stages of treatment and typically contains elevated levels of heavy metals, a large number of organic compounds and potentially pathogenic organisms. Considering the recent increased environmental concern, the authorities and the water utilities are facing strong demands for the safe disposal of the sludge. A good management plan regarding water treatment residuals should take into consideration the following aspects: the quality characteristics of the sludge, the technologies of processing residuals and the available disposal options. The paper is structured on several sub-chapters. First, an introduction into the subject of wastewater residuals is made and the related legislative framework is reviewed. Then, two case studies from wastewater treatment plants from Romania are presented. In both cases, the technologies of residual processing are presented together with data regarding sludge quality characteristics. Finally, an analysis on the optimization of sludge disposal methods is made and a management strategy is proposed.
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