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NATURE A CONSTANT INSPIRATION FOR HUMAN BEINGS - AESTHETIC CHANGES IN ARCHITECTURE OVER THE CENTURIES
Abstract
Since the prehistoric times, humans have been exploiting the immediate environment for various purposes, from the adaptation of caves for shelter to the subsequent transformation of the landscape for their own needs and this continues to the present day. The bio-inspiration movement in architecture, including bionic, biomorphic, and biomimetic architecture, is linked to the dynamic technological development initiated by the Industrial Revolution and later by the Digital Revolution. Each of these has influenced the epoch-specific representation and perception of architectural forms. The aim of this paper is to provide a synthetic picture of the relationship between architecture and nature historically. This will provide a basis for further research in the field of biological architecture. The hypothesis of the article is that we can identify two principal design approaches in contemporary architecture: a technological approach and an organic approach, which on occasion intertwine, particularly in terms of process and technical solutions. The study uses an analysis of the literature on the history of architecture in the context of human-nature relations and contemporary architectural trends. The historical overview presented in the article will assist in conceptualising potential avenues of aesthetic evolution, while references to contemporary examples in the field of bio-inspiration will facilitate the characterisation of the trend in the shaping of architectural forms.
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