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VISUAL IMPACT OF NEW SUN-SHADING ELEMENTS ON THE FACADE OF G40 PREFAB HOUSE
Abstract
The Prague Housing Fund has consisted of houses built by heavy prefabrication system between 1950 and 1990 to a large extent. These houses are being continuously renovated. The refurbishment emphasizes the reduction of energy losses and neglects other factors of the indoor environment (air exchange, humidity, overheating, etc.). The article deals with the above-mentioned problems of interior overheating in terms of the effect of shading elements on the appearance of facades. It assesses several types of shading with different impact on the indoor environment and tries to objectively evaluate their impact on the external composition of objects. The assessment was carried out on G40 houses built with prefabricated panel technology in the second half of the 1950s. The objects under consideration have facades with elements of socialistic realism, and in the past, they have undergone a facade thermal insulation process. The facade changes were assessed in two steps. In the first phase, the impact of shading elements on facades without thermal insulation was evaluated. In the second step, the impact of shading elements on thermally insulated facades was assessed. Changes on the facades were evaluated in three categories. The first and the second category (element value, frequency of occurrence and element significance in facade composition) determined the importance of an element and could be evaluated on a three-point scale. The third criterion (impact of reconstruction on the composition element) assessed the extent to which the effect of the element has been changed, where the impact of the facade change could be evaluated on a seven-point scale. Facade changes caused by the addition of shading elements and changes caused by facade thermal insulation were compared with the respective original state. The degree of influence of individual shading elements was evaluated, new elements were recommended based on the evaluation.
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