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EFFECTS OF IRON OXIDE (II, III) NANOPARTICLES EXPOSURE: IN VITRO EVALUATION USING ALGAL AND HUMAN CELLS
Abstract
Iron oxide (II, III) nanoparticles (ION) are used in variety of biomedical and industrial applications (for instance, in gene therapy, cell tracking, magnetic resonance imaging, drug delivery therapies, in vitro diagnostic assays, catalytic materials, wastewater treatment adsorbents, nanoadjuvants for vaccine and antibody production, coatings, gas sensors, ion exchangers, magnetic recording devices, magnetic data storage devices). In relation to their vast utilization there is a need for more information on the effects of ION exposure. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the influence of various concentrations of iron oxide (II, III) nanoparticles in vitro using different types of cells -three algal strains (Dunaliella salina, Chlamydomonas asymmetrica, Scenedesmus obtusiusculus) and three human cell lines (A549, HeLa, normal dermal fibroblasts). The cells were incubated on 96-well culture plates in growth medium containing nanoparticles for 15 h and 72 h. The cytotoxicity of ION was determined by the MTT assay. The obtained results demonstrated significantly reduced mammalian and algal cell growth after 72 h treatment with ION. Cellular ATP production was diminished following exposure to ION. In addition, presence of nanoparticles in the culture medium resulted in decreased mobility of Dunaliella salina and Chlamydomonas asymmetrica.ION exposure induced higher total protein production in all types of algal cells, which indicates activation of specific reaction against nanoparticle induced toxicity. Further experiments are needed to determine this mechanism. Our results demonstrate significant effects of ION exposure in both mammalian and algal cells.
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