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EVALUATION OF GEOCHEMICAL PECULIARITIES OF MINING ROCKS FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF THE POST-MINING LANDSCAPE
Abstract
In regions with complex geological history, diversity of climate, soils and parent rocks, it is possible to predict a large number of paths for soils recovery in the areas that have been disturbed by human activity. The purpose of this work was to identify territorial difference of rocks within the Crimean Peninsula basing on the content of the trace elements and macroelements, assessment of potential suitability of disturbed rocks of various age and chemical composition for efficient pedogenesis during implementation of projects for vegetative topsoil recovery in post-mining landscapes. The studied objects have been classified as per the results of cluster analysis, and seven main groups of rocks have been determined based on the content of 16 chemical elements. The most informative geochemical indicators and ratios have been determined; this allowed justifying three general types of rocks based on the difference of their properties related to their mineral composition and the results of weathering and migration processes in the past. In order to determine the initial conditions for soil recovery, geochemical particularities of upper horizons of soils and parent rocks composing them in three regions of the Crimean Peninsula have been compared. The ordered series of chemical elements have been created based on their ability to accumulate in soils compared to rocks. This allowed determining the deficiency of those elements that can restrain the activity of biological and soil processes during soil recovery in post-mining landscapes. The results of the study create a bioecological basis for ecological restoration of disturbed soils represented by sedimentary rocks of different geochemical composition in the development of the mineral deposits of solid useful minerals.
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