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ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY ELECTROMOBILE USING IN RUSSIA
Abstract
The article is devoted to assessing the efficiency of using an electromobile and a car with a fuel cell. Two existing models of the first mass-produced electromobiles were selected for comparison. The relevance of this work is due to the growing requirements for environmental cleanliness of energy carriers used for automobile transport. Obviously, over the coming decades, the main competitors for the mass replacement of traditional motor fuels (gasoline and diesel fuel) will be electricity and hydrogen. This article discusses the comparison of the operational cost of alternative technologies for electromobiles innovative models. To evaluate the effectiveness of new technologies in vehicles, two models of the first mass-produced electromobiles were selected - Nissan Leaf and Toyota Mirai with a fuel cell. Evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative technologies of vehicles is based on the analysis of technological and economic indicators: 1. parameters of the car and the main components (fuel consumption, mileage at one gas station, battery capacity, etc.) of its cost and operating conditions; 2. The prices of hydrogen and electricity. The results of current expenses for refueling electromobiles are presented. As a result of the study, the cost of charging an electric car in Russia is seven times lower than the cost of refueling a car with fuel cells. It is obvious that in the future, cars using new alternative types of fuel and energy will displace traditional cars on the internal combustion engine. Fuel cells to extend the mileage of the internal combustion engine can be an intermediate step in the transition. The massive development of electromobiles in Russia will have its advantages and consequences. The transfer of the Russian car fleet to electric traction will cause an increase in demand for electricity and, consequently, its decrease in motor fuel. It is shown that the economic efficiency of using alternative types of fuel and energy for transport will depend on the cost of electricity and pure hydrogen.
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