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THE SITUATION OF THE ROMANIAN COAST LAKES, AN OLD PROBLEM REQUIRING RAPID SOLUTIONS
Abstract
Lakes on the Black Sea coast are the direct result of soil erosion and marine or hydrographic accumulations, consequence of the specific evolution of the nearby sea basin. They depend on the variations in groundwater levels, rainfall or other hydraulic surface sources. In recent decades, as a result of many small, local earthquakes, some deep currents have appeared. Lakes as origins, are of fluvial-marine estuary, lagoons or artificial. Many of them are tourist attractions, due to the specific microclimate established here. This paper analyses the physical and chemical composition of these lakes, recorded in recent decades, which demonstrate some environmental problems, caused by the human interference or natural conditions. Firstly, the water sources that supply these lakes are analyzed. About 40-50 years ago, many coastal lakes communicated with the sea and their waters were identical or even saltier than those of the Black Sea. Over time, their evolution from hydro-chemical point of view has been modified by the continental water supply due to hydro-technical assessments, precipitation, new deep currents, and the maintenance or interruption of the connection with the sea. For each analyzed lake, the physical and chemical characteristics are presented and causes that led to morphological modifications. Many of them are nature reserves, being located on the flight corridors of migratory birds, becoming protected areas that urgently need measures to restore the ecological balance. Recent modifications affect ecosystems, vegetation and wildlife. These changes are modeled based on the recorded data, estimating possible evolution of their parameters. Finally, some recommendations are made, adapted to each lake, in order to rebalance the ecological environment.
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References5
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