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ECOLOGIZATION OF ETHICS AND ETHIZATION OF ECOLOGY IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL DIALOGUE OF RECENT HISTORY (LATE XX - EARLY XXI CENTURY)

T. Troizka, O. Troizka, Alla Krylova, Ольга Вікторівна Поправко, Tatyana Dyuzhikova

Abstract

Modern actualization of the global problems of mankind indicates that environmental problems occupy one of the first places in terms of threat level. An analysis of studies of this period indicates that far from many publications, these problems are formulated as the tasks of harmonization and humanization of relations between society and nature. Most non-philosophical works tend to analyze planetary resource problems and disaster prevention. This interpretation is a continuation of the deterministic approach to relations with nature, anthropocentrism, which even in a reflexed form (humanism) does not change the ?anthropological? attempts of a person ?as an imperfect natural being? to socially compete with it. The article shows that in research and practice, the problem of including nature as a specific subject in the sphere of ethics is not focused on, nature is not explicated as a complex organized system in which society is part of it. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the development of the ecological crisis, it is proved that the main sign of the current anthropological situation and the reason for the deepening crisis is the steady desire of Homo Sapiens to change the surrounding reality in various ways. The latter significantly exaggerate the possibilities of nature and on a much smaller scale change the consciousness, worldview of a person in favor of humanity and harmonization of relations with nature. Recently, in humanism, works have appeared on the ?rehabilitation of practical reason?, which is the cause of moral imbalance in the relations of ethics and politics, ethics and science, ethics and medicine. At the same time, the matter does not reach the philosophical interpretation of the crisis as a universal ontological and value-semantic reflection. Therefore, the aim of the article is to define critically and synthesize the provisions presented in the philosophical dialogue on the environmental crisis, and those that, in our opinion, should be implemented as ethical principles in environmental issues, and environmental knowledge in ethics. To this end were analyzed ? ethics of responsibility K.-O. Apel, the principles of G. Jonas eco-ethics, the ideas of ?reverence for life? by A. Schweitzer, the problems of environmental communication N. Luman and other works. On this conceptual basis and on the results of a questionnaire of applicants for philosophical education to understand nature as an object of ethical responsibility and overcome anthropocentrism in ethics, an anthropometric methodology is proposed. According to this methodology, the imperative of saving life is combined with the preservation of being, the proportionality of a person?s being with the whole world and his responsibility for being, which is to be measured. The main conclusion is the conceptualization, explication and disclosure of the meaning of anthropometry as a construct of ?ecologization? of ethics and ethization of ecology.

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