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SUBMERGED FERMENTATION OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE PULP AND EXTRACT BY LACTOBACILLUS
Abstract
Prebiotics are one of most common components of functional food. Jerusalem artichoke tubers contain up to 20 % of inulin and oligofructose (OF) well known as probiotic substances. In agriculture Jerusalem artichoke (JA) has a number of advantages while it is used. It is zoned in temperate climates like the northern regions of China and Russia. Due to its acceptable organoleptic properties (sweetish taste without bitterness) compared with chicory (commonly used as source of probiotic), JA tubers can be used in functional food directly. On the other hand the term of пїЅprebioticпїЅ is strongly bounded with пїЅprobioticпїЅ. The products fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are referred to functional food also. So, three kinds of drink products based on milk whey were studied. The sources of prebiotics were extract of JA tubers (sample 2) and pulp of JA tubers (sample 3), while the control sample 1 didnпїЅt containe prebiotics. Two strains of LAB Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum were selected for fermentation. The count of Lactobacillus plantarum after fermentation (24 h) was varied from 4.6пїЅ10 8 CFU/ml to 7.4пїЅ10 8 CFU/ml in different samples, and was maximal in sample 2. Greatest count of Lactobacillus fermentum (2.4пїЅ10 8 CFU/ml) was observed in sample 3. The final pH was about 4.0 in all cases. The survival of LAB was studied during 6 weak at 6 пїЅC. Presumably the presence of JA tubers pulp ensured the best stability of Lactobacillus fermentum due to adhesion of LAB cells at solid particles. Final amount of cells decreased at about 20 times (1.2пїЅ10 7 CFU/ml) in sample 3, and about 500 times (2.9пїЅ10 5 CFU/ml) in sample 1. The suspensions of LAB cells were treated with CTAB (0.02 ?g/ml) to confirm their adhesion on JA tubers particles. The variation of LAB count in sample 3 was detected after 3 week of storage. The value mentioned was greater at 2.7 times (3.3пїЅ10 7 CFU/ml) in treated suspension. There was not significant difference between treated and not-treated suspensions in samples 1 and 2.
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