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STUDY OF CAR TIRE PYROLYSIS IN AN INDUSTRIAL-SCALE PLANT WITH SUBSEQUENT CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PYROLYSIS LIQUID
Abstract
Waste disposal and management is one of the urgent issues faced by mankind at the current stage of development. Waste car tires pose a significant threat to the environment, which makes their efficient processing particularly important, as the volume of this type of waste generated each year worldwide is estimated at more than 10 million tons, of which 1 million tons are produced in Russia. A review of the car tire, wood, textile, and plastic pyrolysis products is presented. The products of pyrolysis include pyrolysis liquid, dry carbon residue, and gases. Gases consist of methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, ethylene, and propylene. The heating value of gas varies from 17,400 (wood and textiles) to 41,562 kJ/m? (plastics). The heating value of the pyrolysis liquid is between 40,740 and 45,400 kJ/kg. The data obtained from the study of used car tire pyrolysis in an industrial-scale plant ?Reactor ? 2? are presented. Pyrolysis of car tires is performed in a rotating cylindrical reactor equipped with devices to charge tires and discharge metal cord and char. Plant capacity is 11 tons per day. Pyrolysis temperature is between 400 and 500 °?. Pyrolysis products consist of pyrolysis liquid ? 40%, carbon ? 39%, metal cord ? 13.6%, and gases ? 7.4% by weight of feedstock. Pyrolysis liquid has been analyzed for its content of volatile organic compounds: aromatic hydrocarbons ? 27.36%, cycloalkenes ? 40.18%, alkyl-substituted PAHs ? 3.85%, and heteroaromatics ? 2.09%. A mixture of other hydrocarbons, 26.52%, consists of a combination of several substances that are almost impossible to identify. The energy consumption of pyrolysis reaction is calculated as the difference between the heat from the oxidation of pyrolysis products and that of tires, plus the thermal energy needed to heat up the pyrolysis products, and equals 18,632 kJ per 1 kg of tires.
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