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COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER TO COMBUSTIBLE SURFACES, IN CASE OF FIRE
Abstract
The heat transfer from the source of initiation to the adjacent surfaces is a physical phenomenon worth considering in the process of analyzing the fire. This complex phenomenon describes how the transport, exchange, and redistribution of the thermal energy are carried out and is based on the theoretical knowledge that describes the initiation and fire evolution in time. Flames transfer heat from nearby surfaces through two physical processes, convection, and radiation. A third mode of heat transfer is conduction, in which case the transfer of heat implies the existence of an environment that can be of a gaseous, liquid or solid nature. In the case of conduction, the energy is gradually diffused through an environment, from a higher temperature point to a point with a lower temperature. In the case of radiation, the energy is transmitted with the speed of light, through electromagnetic waves or photons, the presence of a transmission medium is not required. Convection is defined as the combined effect of conduction and / or radiation and the movement of the transmission medium. The paper proposes a brief presentation of how the heat transfer is carried out, the influence of the three phenomena on the mechanism of initiation and development of the fire, as well as a case study aimed at the computerized simulation of a fire, having as a source of initiation the radiative transfer of heat to the surrounding combustible surfaces. The ignition of the different materials in a room, due to the exposure to the radiation emitted by an incandescent source at a certain distance from them, without direct contact of the flames, is a common reality in the case of fires that occur in both residential and industrial environments, a fact that justifies the importance of the study of thermal radiation.
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References9
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