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THE AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS EFFICIENCY IN SCHOOLS - MEASUREMTS AND CFD SIMULATIONS
Abstract
Well organized ventilation systems and air distributions of the school buildings in many countries still appear to be a t opical issue. A lot of various investigations indicated that IAQ problems appear not only because of low ventilation ra tes, but also in cases when the location of exhausted and mainly supply jets is not appropriate. The main motivation is the select of most efficiency air ve ntilation systems and di stribution schemes to improve IAQ for school buildings. The model of university classroom for presented experimental investigations was used. The model room is especially used for these measuring purposes. The floor area of model is 62 m 2 and the ceiling height is 3.1 m. Occupancy simulators and furniture arrang ements were designed to fit the field measurement conditions. To produce the heat-load corresponding to fully occupied classroom, heat source-simulators were placed in the room. Also carbon dioxide concentrations were simulated by 21 CO 2 person-simulators which were placed in the room in breathing zone of sitting person (1.05 m above the floor). The main objective of research has been to explore transport and pollutants distribution at 5 different ventilation systems - displacement ventilati on system (DV), mixing ventilation system (MV), personal ventilation sy stem (PV), confluent ven tilation systems (CV) and naturally ventilation – air infiltration (NV) in identical classrooms. Within the frame of ventilation systems were us ed at summary 17 distribu tion schemes for selected ventilation systems. The fi eld measurements in-situ (tracer gas technique by CO 2) and CFD simulations in IESVE software for 5 different ventilation principles confirmed that the indoor air quality in the schools is genera lly unacceptable (out of category I, II and III) by lower ventilation rates for NV because of not respecting the occupancy density. Some distribution schemes of MV, DV and PV represent better level of indoor air quality.
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References1
STN EN 15251:2007 Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics.
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