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INFLUENCE OF BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS ON SPRING YIELD WHEAT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE KRASNOYARSK TERRITORY

Zhanna Shmeleva

Abstract

The formation of spring wheat harvest in the forest-steppe of the Krasnoyarsk territory is influenced by highly varying biotic and abiotic factors that are often stressful. Many researchers associate the magnitude of crop variation in time and space with the nature of the development and variability of elements of the structure of the crop, which is largely determined by the biological characteristics of the variety, its plasticity. The purpose of research is to evaluate the varieties of spring wheat yield and environmental parameters in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk territory. The comprehensive laboratory and production research was conducted for three years on the basis of the Experimental Farm ?Minderlinskoe? of Krasnoyarsk SAU in Sukhobuzimsky district, located in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk territory. The varieties of spring wheat of Siberian breeding common for the Krasnoyarsk territory were used in the experiments. The soil cover of the experimental site was leached Chernozem, the total area of the site was 6 hectares, placement of plots was randomized; repeated 4 times. Field experiments were laid on deep plowing, minimal processing, with direct sowing. Observations and records were carried out during the growing season using generally accepted methods and existing state standards. The level of yield and stability of the variety was assessed simultaneously using a complex indicator. Environmental parameters of plasticity were determined according to V. Z. Pakudin. Productivity data were processed by mathematical statistics methods with the application of SNEDECOR technology. During the studies conducted in the field of forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk territory we revealed that the best conditions for the formation of yields on average for the varieties was formed during dump processing (Ki =8,3). The variety ?Memory of Vavenkov? had the best elements of plasticity which had the highest index of stability and complex indicator. The coefficient of responsiveness close to 1 allows to mark the variety ?Memory of Vavenkov? which increases the yield almost simultaneously with the improvement of cultivation conditions. Knowledge of ecological parameters of plasticity of spring wheat depending on environmental conditions will allow to select more purposefully grades for cultivation in a certain economy and to apply the corresponding varietal technology.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/6.1/s25.097

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