Scholarly record
SPECTRAL LITHOLOGICAL MAPPING USING PCA AND ICA METHODS: A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTHERN TUNCELI (EASTERN TURKEY)
Abstract
In this study, using ASTER surface reflectance and emissivity data to map four main lithological units (volcanic, magmatic, clastic, metamorphic) in southern Tunceli (Ayazpinari-Cukurca) using PCA and ICA transformations, and the results were validated against a reference map. The highest success among different band combinations was achieved in the SWIR region alone for the PCA transformation, and across the entire range (VNIR-SWIR-TIR, 0.52–11.65 µm) for the ICA transformation. Although SWIR-based PCA successfully distinguished volcanic units exhibiting unique absorption, it led to spectral mixing among metamorphic, clastic, and magmatic units south of Ayazpinari due to mineralogical similarity. ICA, with its high-order statistical structure, addressed the shortcomings of PCA, clarified the metamorphic-clastic boundary, and distinguished terrestrial clastics. Magmatic intrusions, despite the surface area constraint, have been mapped more consistently than the surrounding lithologies with reddish-orange colors south and west of Cukurca village. This demonstrates the contribution of the TIR emissivity data added to the SWIR bands in distinguishing silicate minerals. On the other hand, in small intrusions within narrow areas, ASTER’s 30 m SWIR and 90 m TIR resolutions have led to a mixed-pixel effect. It is assessed that this limitation can be overcome using high-resolution hyperspectral sensors and field verifications.
Publication details
References7
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