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THE GEOMAGNETIC STORM ON MARCH 13-14, 2022: SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS IN ULRA-LOW FREQUENCY RANGE
Abstract
Geomagnetic storms cause disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere, which differ in their spectral composition at different latitudes. The study of local spectral characteristics, both via remote sensing and ground-based data, provides valuable information on the dynamic processes in the Earth's magnetosphere and the longitudinal propagation of the corresponding disturbances. The local spectral characteristics of the moderate (G2) geomagnetic storm that occurred March 13-14, 2022, are obtained. A time series of data recorded at Conrad Observatory, Austria, on the variations of the geomagnetic field along the X and Y directions in the ultra-low frequency (ULF) range corresponding to periods 1-900s is analyzed. Through the application of coherent analysis based on wavelet transformation, the time periods and frequency intervals where the two components of the geomagnetic field have a high degree of correlation with each other are determined. The Morlet wavelet method is then applied, and the power spectrum is found. Two types of ULF waves are clearly visible in the spectra of the Pc3 and Pc5 frequency bands recorded during the storm. Pc5 waves occur during all phases of the storm, while Pc3 waves mainly occur during the main phase. Their relationship with temporal changes in the parameters of the solar wind is studied.
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