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THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN A VEHICLE CABIN
Abstract
Interior conditions in closed spaces (housing, offices, vehicles) were for a long period of time focused on the thermal comfort. With the awareness that people spend a good amount of time inside these spaces and with the increase in life quality, it was considered an additional problem the ensuring of a proper indoor breathable air quality (by limiting the concentrations of harmful released substances). It was demonstrated that the interior pollution of those spaces primarily depends on two factors: interior harmful substances released from diverse sources (human activity or releases from construction elements, furniture, upholstery, car dashboard) and the pollution caused by outside polluted air, naturally or mechanically infiltrated. It was reported that the emergence of new materials, smoking, the harmful effects of some releases which werenпїЅt discussed 20 years ago (formaldehyde, radon, interior ozone, heavy metals, mites) as well as the existence of some misfit ventilation systems, led to health problems of the occupants (migraines, asthma, allergies, etc.). Indoor pollution of a vehicle cabin comes from the outside air and inside sources as the occupants. In this stu dy we analyzed pollution caused by carbon dioxide and air humidity. Theoretical analysis of pollution in the passenger compartment of a car was achieved by applying the general theory of gas pollutants diffusion in closed spaces. Human emission rates were considered pollution sources and it was pursued the manner they can be diluted to the permitted concentration limit through fresh air ventilation. The analytical model was applied separately for the two gaseous pollutants being tracked. Initially calculat ions were made in different occupancy variants (1 -4 passengers) and for different ventilation air flow. These conditions have been prepared for in situ measurement.
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