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ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON THE RESOURCES AND COMPOSITION OF GROUNDWATER IN THE NORTH-WESTERN SLOPE OF THE MOSCOW ARTESIAN BASIN
Abstract
The article discusses the features of formation and distribution of groundwater in the north-western slope of the Moscow artesian basin in the European part of Russia. Location of the north-western slope area is based on ecological-hydrogeological zoning. The aim of the case study is to examine the anthropogenic impact on groundwater resources and quality for two main aquifer systems of the Moscow artesian basin: Gdov aquifer and Intermorainal aquifer system. The investigation based on analysis of groundwater monitoring data including information about groundwater levels, chemical composition and water extraction volumes since 1945. The analysis of changes in the hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions is given. The main hazard related to change in geostatic pressure in consequence of groundwater level fluctuation. Change the regime of groundwater levels can cause groundwater breakouts into pits and trenches under the buildings and structures and associated therewith strains of foundations of the buildings in the areas of intense construction. The areas of palaeovalleys, containing locally eroded water-resistant sediments, are most exposed to anthropogenic pollution. Depending on the specific hydrogeodynamic situation contaminated water may flow down from the upper aquifers or the saline water of the lower aquifer flow up to the overlying aquifers. Based on the research recommendations for exploitation of aquifer systems in the north-western slope of the Moscow artesian basin are given. The necessity of building up monitoring the regime of groundwater levels, prognostic evaluation of change of hydrogeological conditions and strengthening of groundwater protection is proved.
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