Scholarly record
EVALUATING FLOOD RISKS AND VULNERABILITIES IN CARAORMAN, DANUBE DELTA: INSIGHTS FROM HYDRAULIC MODELLING
Abstract
Rural areas and infrastructure in the Danube Delta are affected by natural disasters, and the frequency and severity of hydrological phenomena are increasing due to climate change. The rural areas of the Danube Delta experience significant flooding due to the high levels of the Danube, often resulting from quantitatively significant precipitation. The protection dyke system related to the Danube River is most often affected by floods that sometimes lead to the failure of the dykes. Dyke failure is noted by the appearance of one or more breaches in the body of the dyke that may extend along the dammed part, in most cases due to the diving of the banks. Floods that occur on the Danube are usually very long-lasting, resulting in impressive flows that can persist for weeks or even months. In this paper, the flooded areas of the Caraorman locality in the Danube Delta will be analyzed using two specialized programs. Two methods of flood risk analysis will be used for the development of flood maps: the static method and the dynamic method. The entire analysis process is based on the Digital Terrain Model for the Danube Delta, a tool with which we will perform hydraulic modelling in highly accurate conditions. The results will be expressed as flood maps that will indicate the water depth in different areas of Caraorman, the flood limit and its intensity depending on the simulated inundation level. At the same time, the results obtained in this paper can be useful to decision-makers, local authorities and implicitly to the population of the area of the affected locality. Therefore, this paper uses several categories of data sets such as hydrological data on water flows and water levels on the Danube, and also topo-bathymetric data represented by cross sections along the Danube bed and adjacent channels. Nevertheless, to perform hydraulic modeling we will also use the roughness coefficient from Manning's formula. Climate change is an important challenge that needs to be prioritized and addressed as best as possible. Among the most significant consequences of climate change, river flash floods are events that usually cause significant damage. Finally, this research renders an important framework both for the local authorities of the Danube Delta and for the population living in that area
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References12
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