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EFFECTS OF SENSITIZATION AT WORKERS OF A POTASSIUM PROCESSING ENTERPRISE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF PRODUCTION EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL FACTORS
Abstract
A high level of professionally determined morbidity conditiones the need to identify marker indicators of health status, immune adaptation mechanisms and markers of sensitization under conditions of exposure to harmful production factors. We examined 70 employees of the sylvinite processing plant, workers in unfavorable conditions of chemical exposure to dust of potassium chloride, saturated hydrocarbons (hexane), formaldehyde. The comparison group consisted of employees of the administrative apparatus. The formaldehyde content in biological media was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, hexane by the analysis of the equilibrium vapor phase on a gas chromatograph. Lymphocytes were phenotyped by flow cytometry. Immunoglobulins were determined in the reaction of radial immunodiffusion. Specific antibodies were assessed by enzyme-labeled allergosorbent testing. Cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The reliability of the obtained data was assessed using the parametric Student's t-test at a significance level of p<0.05. The results of the study showed an increased level of formaldehyde in the blood and hexane in urine, a growth in the production of serum immunoglobulins IgG and IgM by 8.3% and 13.2% relative to the comparison group, a rise in the specific sensitization of IgE to formaldehyde by 3.4 times, IgG to hexane by 5.1 times. The ratio of CD-subpopulations of lymphocytes in the examined groups did not differ significantly. There were a differently directed changes in the production of proinflammatory cytokines with a high level of IL-1beta and a decrease in TNFalfa by 1.3 and 1.8 times, respectively. The revealed shifts in immune parameters indicate an increase in sensitization in the surveyed workers to chemical factors of industrial genesis and these indicators can be considered as markers of the effect and used in programs for monitoring and preventing morbidity associated with the impact of production factors.
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