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GEOMECHANICAL SUPPORT THE STABILITY OF DIP OPEN-PITS
Abstract
The history of mining using open-pit mining method indicates a trend of increase in depths of mining. At the beginning of the 20th century mining operations were carried out within sedimentary rocks and the maximum depth of pits of that time didn't exceed 100 m from a surface. However, several decades later the maximum depths of open-cast mine developments reached 200-300 m. Further growing demand for mineral raw materials caused an improvement of technique and technologies, the maximum depth of conducting open-cast mining operations began to reach 400 m in some cases. Some of the main questions at open-pit mining are safety when conducting mining operations and achievement of rational mining of the fields. Increase in depth of open-cast development of fields usually conducts to the distribution of pit edges and increase in volumes of overburden. Other option of involvement of the pit deep horizons into a mining without the significant increase in the cost of production of mineral extraction is revision of the original project and increase in a final slope angle of a board. Under this option, the main issue is ensuring stability of a pit edge and the choice of parameters, rational in terms of geomechanics, of again projected edges on the deep horizons.
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References7
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