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IMPROVING OF WATER EFFICIENT IRRIGATION IN ORDER TO CONTROL THE WATER STRESS IN GRAPEVINE
Abstract
The work has been carried out during 2016 ? 2017 period, in a vineyard located in Valea Calugareasca viticultural center, aiming to developing a "smart" and "automated" irrigation system for vine, which allows the use of both rain and irrigation water with maximum efficiency, when the pluviometric water can not satisfy the water needs of the grapevine. The researches were carried out within a demonstration polygon with the T?m?ioasa rom?neasc? variety and aimed to determine the influence of two irrigation systems (with pluvial collectors located between the vineyards + drip irrigation and drip irrigation) on the microbiological activity in the soil, on physiological processes of vine growth and on the grape quality. Observations and determinations of the main physical properties (apparent density, hygroscopicity coefficient, coefficient of wilting, field capacity, active humidity range) and microbiological observations (determining the viable germ load, determining the structure of microbial communities) were made. The obtained results highlight the positive effect of the two irrigation systems on the microbiological activity in the soil. The most numerous group of microorganisms in case of the two systems was that of bacteria which represented 67.34-92.81% from the total number of viable microorganisms. The positive effects on plants is referring to the stimulation of the physiological processes in the plant, ensuring an optimal growth and yielding ratio, increasing the grape production by 17-20 % and providing a sugar content of the grape juice that allows the obtaining of wines with good quality.
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