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CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE EVALUATION OF THE VARIABILITY OF THE GEOMAGNETIC FIELD.
Abstract
The geomagnetic field varies in time and space, being a signal composed of periodic and non-periodic elements and is monitored in a tri-axial system within the geomagnetic observatories of the INTERMAGNET network across the planet. In the work, based on these data, we use for spectral evaluation (Fourier, wavelet, signal decompositions in approximations and details with various functions on different levels, etc.) in order to analyze different geomagnetic phenomena (such as: geomagnetic storms, disturbances, etc.) and their degree of occurrence. The superiority of the wavelet methodology over Fourier consists in obtaining information in the form of a three-dimensional graph (time, frequency, amplitude). Precisely specifying the time duration of a geomagnetic signal decreases the accuracy of its spectral information and vice versa, according to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Thus, we obtain good time precision for high-frequency phenomena (at the expense of the amplitude accuracy of these frequencies), respectively, we will be able to know with greater accuracy the amplitude of the low-frequency components existing in the signal, without strictly locating the moments in which they appear.
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http://www.intermagnet.org
http://www.noaa.gov
https://kp.gfz.de/en/figures/kp-daily-plots
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