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RAINFALL EROSIVITY AND EXTREME PRECIPITATION MONTHS - A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE REGIONS OF LOVECH AND KARDZHALI (BULGARIA)
Abstract
Rainfall erosivity is an indicator of the potential of precipitation to generate erosion processes and is essential for understanding the climatic vulnerability of a region. This article aims to develop a model for evaluation the average annual and seasonal rainfall erosivity in areas with different climatic and orographic conditions. The studied area covers the regions of Lovech and Kardzhali, which are characterized with high intensity of erosion processes and high erosion risk. To achieve the goal of the study Precipitation Concentration Indices (PCI) and Modified Fournier Indices (MFI) are calculated based on monthly and annual precipitation totals for the period 1961 – 2020. Extreme precipitation months are determined based on percentile distribution of monthly precipitation data. The threshold for extreme dry months is 10-th percentile and for extreme wet months is 90-th percentile. According to the results of the study investigated areas are described with moderate class of rainfall erosivity for average PCI index and with low erosive class, concerning average MFI index in examined period. Increasing of the extreme precipitation months are established in the period 1991 – 2020 in comparison to 1961 – 1990. This tendency is valid for both extreme wet and extreme dry months. The results of this study can contribute to the creation of appropriate strategies and development of preventive activities, to reduction and possible elimination of the negative impacts of extreme precipitation.
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