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POLARIZATION OF THE REGIONAL SETTLEMENT SYSTEM AS A REFLECTION OF NEOLIBERAL URBANIZATION PROCESSES
Abstract
The settlement system in the regions of Russia is changing due to the influence of neoliberal urbanization processes and of the economic, social and institutional areas of society. Changes lead to structural shifts in settlement and to the arising of polarization. The main goals of this study were to analyse the results of changes in the settlement system of the Belgorod Region, to identify the causes of polarization, to assess the types of suburbanization and the development of gentrification processes in large cities. The study of urbanization processes using a systematic approach allowed to identify the causes and extent of migration from the periphery and the concentration of population in large cities, and to classify cities according to their development prospects. Spatial and temporal analysis of the rural population showed that foundations of the modern processes of rural settlement transformation were laid in the second half of the 20th century. The study of suburbanization revealed the predominance of the classical type and a weak development of the structural type. The study of the gentrification processes of the centre of Belgorod showed the dominance of the interests of large capital. The results of the work can contribute to the adoption of reasonable management decisions for the spatial development of the region.
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