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OPTIMAL OPERATION OF HYDROPOWER PLANTS WHILE ASSURING NECESSARY ENERGY RESERVE FOR A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Abstract
The energy sector is an essential component in any nationпїЅs economy and well-being. The security and safety of any energy grid system is nowadays a strongpoint in mid and long term strategies when it comes to national development. Safety and security of energy supply is a multicomponent factor that includes: power generation systems, power transport and distribution systems and consumer management. The power generation units in Romania are very complex and they include different sources like coal, gas, nuclear, hydro and renewable energy like photovoltaic, wind and biomass. Having a complex system, the energy supply has to be reliable and must deal with different challenges like market behavior, consumer specificity and environmental phenomena. Some of the sources can be used to operate on base load regime while others are treated as fast start-up units, for emergency situations, or used for grid services. In January 2017 after some very bad weather conditions, several power lines were severely affected and the Unit 1 from Cernavod? Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) had to function at significant reduced power. At this point electricity could not be transported into the main 400 kV ring of transport. This was in important problem due to the fact that NPP Cernavod? is ensuring approx. 20% of national electricity consumption with the help if two CANDU reactor units. With one unit out of production the national electrical system was put to test. This article presents a new approach in the optimization of energy production of a cascade of hydroelectric power plant (HPP), based on genetic algorithms, that is taking into consideration the necessary energy reserve to compensate for the maintenance period required for the NPP to restart from a limitation in power generation. The study case presented in this paper is limited to specific maintenance of the NPP that will take maximum 48 hours to restore to its normal state of operation, but the model developed could be extended to a longer period with a suitable configuration of the water reservoirs of the HPP.
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References10
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