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NEOTECTONICS OF THE KHIBINY ALKALINE MASSIF
Abstract
The Khibiny massif is the world?s biggest alkaline pluton with the size of 44 x 35 km in the plan and the area of some 1330 km2. The Devonian intrusion is a conical stock passing into the lopolith. To date, a set of observations and phenomena has been compiled, characterizing the Khibiny massif neotectonics as very complex and contradictory in many respects. It stands out with its high compressive stresses (first tens MPa) of the sub-horizontal position in the area of exploited deposits; major faults traced along the massif periphery in the marginal, by-contact area of the massif; kinematics of young discontinuous structures; mechanisms of major seismic-dynamic events that are instrumentally registered; results of geodetic monitoring, as well as reconstructions of stress states, etc. The proposed neotectonics model of the Khibiny massif can explain all the phenomena by a protrusive uplift with an upthrust structure. The near-surface part is suggested to have shifted in the radial direction from centre to periphery by unloading residual sub-horizontal stresses.
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