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ESTIMATING RAINDROPS SIZES FOR RESEARCH OF IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT
Abstract
The review of methods and devices for measuring of the raindrops sizes is considered in the article. A brief classification of the main groups of methods and devices for measuring of raindrop diameters is proposed. These materials could be useful in the development and selection of methods for analysis the characteristics of natural rains and artificial rains which are created by sprinkler machines. It is noted that all existing methods can be conditionally divided into the following groups: direct, indirect, optical, aerodynamic, electrostatic, electrodynamic, etc. A device is considered and includes a body with a plastic membrane, a sound recording unit, a level indicator, a tripod with a rotary head, microprocessor recording system with built-in battery and internal (storage) memory. The design of device differs that it has a level indicator and a tripod with a rotary head, microprocessor with audio recording system. The device can be used to assess the structure, the dynamic effects of artificial and natural rain, and, in particular, to measure the energy characteristics of rain, pressure caused by raindrop impact at the soil and hard surface, studying soils erosion processes, measure of the shape and area covered by rain which produced by moving or operating in positional mode sprinkling machine and stationary irrigation systems. The example of the studying results of the rain structure created by the sprinkler is presented in article. There is a tendency to increase the average raindrop diameter from 0.86 to 1.68 mm counting from the axis of the sprinkler. The average raindrop diameter was 1.68 mm at a distance of 26 m from the sprinkler axis, which is higher than the recommended level (1.5 mm), which is limited by environmental requirements. The raindrop diameters which are measured using filter paper are in the range from 1.2 to 4.5 mm, which is higher than the recommended level (1.5 mm) too.
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References14
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