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OPTIMIZATION OF THE SAMPLE PREPARATION PARAMETERS IN CRUDE OIL ANALYSIS
Abstract
Petroleum and petroleum products hydrocarbons are the most toxic environmental contaminants. Modern detailed analysis of crude oil is needed for assessment, trasological and forensic investigations. Method of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is one of the most effective method for the component composition determination in complex mixtures. This paper describes an express developed methodology for determination of fractional and component composition of crude oil and its derivative products пїЅ diesel and gasoline. As a result of research, it was found that the type of extraction and solvent has a different effect depending on the object of study. According to the obtained data the most effective extraction method for crude oil-contaminated soil is solid-liquid extraction (SLE) with chloroform for all petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Solid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane is an optimal extraction method for both contaminated soils with diesel and gasoline for the determination of petroleum hydrocarbons and PAHs. As optimal parameters of sample preparation, the ratio of the sample weight of oil-contaminated soil is 1 g with a volume of 5 ml solvent at an extraction time of 30 minutes. For processing the obtained chromatograms, the previously developed automated Petrol Analysis program was used, which allows expressing the component composition of petroleum in 11 groups of hydrocarbons. Thus, the optimized parameters require the use of a small amount of reagents, allowing for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of oil in contaminated environmental objects.
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