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THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL CONTRIBUTIONS ABOUT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE METALLIC MATERIALS PRODUCTION IN THE MACHINE BUILDING ENGINEERING
Abstract
The paper presents a method for calculating and determining the environmental impact of the metallic material production in the specific shop of the machine building plant. Using mass balance equation, main pollutant emissions and by-products like CO, SO2, NOx, Heavy metal particles, slag, mud or volatile organic compounds were determined in the case of 1000 Kg steel, copper, aluminum and zinc production. Measurements were made with an original stand measuring emissions and by-products even in the work area operators, at about 3 meters of working area. It was then calculated pollution coefficient to each specific production process in order to establish pollution preventive measures and then reducing measures of pollution. As a result of the measurements carried out, during a single working exchange, in the conditions in which the technological process proceeds normally, taking average samples in the working area at the respiratory level, the following were found: - concentrations of inhalable powders, aerosols and fumes of various metals exceed the CMA value of Order no. 1957/95 in different proportions according to the measurement area; - NOx concentrations exceed the CMA value of Order no. 1957/95 in different proportions according to the measurement area; - CO concentrations exceed the CMA value of Order no. 1957/95 in each investigated work place and as an average value; - iron oxide concentrations exceed the CMA value of Order no. 1957/95 in different proportions according to the measuring location; - the noise level is between 112,9 and 123,9 dB (A) at the furnace level, corresponding to the value of 115 dB (A) "nace", exceeding the maximum admissible limit of 87 dB (A), according to the Government Decision no. 493/2006, as amended, art.5; - exposures to unfavorable microclimate conditions at the furnace, where the globothermometer temperature was 46пїЅ C, exceeding the permitted thermal limit of 30пїЅ C, depending on the relative humidity of up to 40% and the heat output above 300 kcal / h, according to literature.
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