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EVALUATION OF HEAVY METALS RELEASING FROM THE CEMENTS IN RELATION TO THE SLOVAK ECO-LABELING PROCESS
Abstract
The cement as a building material significan tly affects the environment throughout the whole life cycle. The environmental assessm ent of products should be a factor of importance in term of protection of the e nvironment and human safety. Environmental assessment of type I which determines the criteria for materials and products is the most used evaluation process in Slovak Republic. Cements environmental criteri a within the Slovak eco-lab elling process include the energy consumption limitation for production pr ocess, carbon monoxide CO emissions and mass radium activity limitations. The others requirements are concerned to phosphorous and chromium content (1.8 mg Cr (VI) to 1 kg of cement). The releasing of soluble chromium (VI), lead and barium from cements was studied in this work. The cement samples of two Slovak producers were tested with accordance to STN EN 196-10 Methods of cement testing. The determination of chromium (VI) was based on the reaction of hexavalent chromi um with diphenylcarbazide by forming the purple coloured compound. The concentrations of hexavalent chromium in liquid samples were measured by spectrophotomet ry at 540 nm. The chromium (VI) average concentrations were measured in range of 0.23 mg/kg of cement to 2.74 mg/kg. Summarizing the results of Cr (VI) concentr ation monitoring in selected types of cements, 67 % of investigated cements fulfilled the Slovak eco-labelling requirement. The lead and barium concentrations in leachates were investigated similarly by spectrophotometric analysis. The concentrations of lead released were quite low but the concentrations of barium were higher when comparing to the chromium.
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References13
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