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CONTRIBUTION OF AVIATION TO THE GLOBAL PRESENCE OF PARTICULATE MATTER
Abstract
Particulate matter are microscopic matter suspended in the atmosphere originating from natural and man-made sources, ranging from wildfires to a variety of industrial activities, including transportation. In our research we looked at the impact of particulate matter on the environment and on human health with the focus on contribution to production and spreading of particulate matter by aviation activities. In the first step current state of research was examined. Available data was summarized on the occurrence and concentration of particulate matter worldwide. This analysis was extended by information on the harmful effects of matriculate matter on human health including factors such as birth rate and mortality. Subsequently, the contribution of aviation activity was analyzed. Aviation activity contributes to global presence of particulate matter only by a fraction. Nevertheless the phase of flight which is most prone to particulate matter creation are the take-off phase and landing phase. At these stages the aircraft fly with high setting of engines at low altitudes, often flying over densely populated areas near airports, where the products from engine emissions have a direct impact on people.
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