Scholarly record
COLLOIDAL SILICA GRANULES OF CHICKEN MANURE BIOCHAR INCREASE PLANT BIOMASS AND MICROBIAL COUNT
Abstract
Pyrolysis is considered as an effective and alternative way to treat organic waste and to obtain pyrolysis fuels as well as biochar. The latter may be used for different purposes in industry and agriculture, including use as a long term fertilizer. Biochar, after pyrolysis, is obtained in the form of powder; however from practical point of view it is better to use pelleted or granulated biochar since it significantly enhances biochar?s filed distribution. In our study we compared the efficacy of granulated and powdered biochar made of chicken manure produced at 400 ?C for wheat and barley fertilization. Before granulation, a bonding agent was chosen. Granules made by addition of two agents ? carboxylmethylcellulose and silicasol (SZ) ? were compared for their toxicity towards Chlorella spp., Daphnia magna and Paramecium caudatum. It was revealed that the toxicity of SZ biochar was respectively 3.4, 1.5 and 3.5 times lower; therefore further studies were conducted with SZ granules only. Addition of 1% of powdered biochar caused 81% and 116% increase of plant biomass, and 30% and 21% increase of chlorophyll content of wheat and barley plants, respectively. SZ granulation of biochar did not lead to a decrease in plant growth in comparison with powdered biochar. Particles of powdered and granulated biochar were extracted from soil after plant vegetation period and investigated using the real time PCR method and scanning electron microscopy. It was revealed that both types of particles contained comparable counts of bacteria but increased counts of fungi as compared with bulk soil.
Publication Impact Profile
Publication details
References14
A. Colantoni et al., “Characterization of biochars produced from pyrolysis of pelletized agricultural residues,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 64, pp. 187–194, 2016.
N. A. Qambrani, M. M. Rahman, S. Won, S. Shim, and C. Ra, “Biochar properties and eco-friendly applications for climate change mitigation, waste management, and wastewater treatment: A review,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 79, pp. 255–273, 2017.
B. Bowden-Green and L. Briens, “An investigation of drum granulation of biochar powder,” Powder Technol., vol. 288, pp. 249–254, 2016.
ISO 10390:2005 Soil quality -- Determination of pH. p. 7.
X. Yang, W. Ng, B. S. E. Wong, G. H. Baeg, C.-H. Wang, and Y. S. Ok, “Characterization and ecotoxicological investigation of biochar produced via slow pyrolysis: effect of feedstock composition and pyrolysis conditions,” J. Hazard. Mater., 2018.
ПНД Ф 16.1:2.3:3.11-98 Количественный химический анализ почв. Методика выполнения измерений содержания металлов в твердых объектах методом спектрометрии с индуктивно-связанной плазмой. 1998, p. 13.
P. Kuryntseva, P. Galitskaya, and S. Selivanovskaya, “Changes in the ecological properties of organic wastes during their biological treatment,” Waste Manag., vol. 58, pp. 90–97, 2016.
M. Kryuchkova, A. Danilushkina, Y. Lvov, and R. Fakhrullin, “Evaluation of toxicity of nanoclays and graphene oxide: in vivo A Paramecium caudatum study,” Environ. Sci. Nano, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 442–452, 2016.
ISO, “ISO 6341:2012 Preview Water quality -- Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea) -- Acute toxicity test,” Iso, 2012.
ISO 22030:2005 Soil quality - Biological methods - Chronic toxicity in higher plants., p. 18, 2005.
“ISO 11269-2:2012 Soil quality – Determination of the effects of pollutants on soil flora – Part 2: Effects of chemicals on the emergence and growth of higher plants.” p. 7, 1995.
F. Zucconi, A. Pera, M. Forte, and M. De Bertoldi, “Evaluating toxicity of immature compost,” Biocycle, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 54–57, 1981.
J. Uddling, J. Gelang-Alfredsson, K. Piikki, and H. Pleijel, “Evaluating the relationship between leaf chlorophyll concentration and SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter readings,” Photosynth. Res., vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 37–46, 2007.
P. Galitskaya, L. Biktasheva, A. Saveliev, T. Grigoryeva, E. Boulygina, and S. Selivanovskaya, “Fungal and bacterial successions in the process of co-composting of organic wastes as revealed by 454 pyrosequencing,” PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 10, p. e0186051, 2017.
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.
